C-sections are usually performed under regional anesthesia, such as spinal or epidural anesthesia, which allows the mother to remain awake while pain-free. General anesthesia may be used in urgent situations. The procedure allows controlled delivery of the baby, reducing potential risks associated with difficult vaginal births. Postoperative care focuses on pain management, infection prevention, and support for early breastfeeding.
Procedure and Postoperative Care
Before a C-section, the healthcare team reviews the mother’s medical history, performs necessary preoperative investigations, and explains the procedure and potential risks. The mother is prepared by cleaning the abdominal area, administering anesthesia, and monitoring vital signs. The surgeon makes a horizontal or vertical incision in the lower abdomen and uterus, carefully delivering the baby. The umbilical cord is clamped and cut, and the baby is immediately assessed for health, including breathing, heart rate, and Apgar score.
After the baby is delivered, the placenta is removed, and the incisions are closed with sutures. Recovery in the operating room includes monitoring vital signs and managing pain. Mothers are usually moved to a recovery area for observation, where staff assist with breastfeeding and early bonding. Postoperative care includes wound care, pain control, monitoring for bleeding, and guidance on mobility to prevent complications such as blood clots.
C-section recovery typically takes several weeks, with gradual resumption of daily activities. Mothers are advised to avoid heavy lifting, follow a balanced diet, and attend follow-up appointments for wound assessment. Emotional support is equally important, as adjusting to surgical birth may involve psychological and physical adaptation. Overall, a Caesarean section is a safe and effective method of delivery when medically necessary. With skilled surgical and anesthetic care, proper monitoring, and structured postoperative support, C-sections minimize maternal and neonatal risks, promote positive outcomes, and ensure a safe start for both mother and baby.